TNO
Delft, Netherlands

CAPTURE

CLC (NL1.3)

CLC fixed bed facility

The chemical looping combustion (CLC) fixed bed facility consists of a tubular fixed bed reactor, with various sizes possible (up to 1 kW), and all required peripheral equipment. Continuous operation of the system alternately produces streams of hot depleted air and CO2/H2O. The system can also be adapted to be operated at elevated pressures. The CLC fixed bed facility is located at the TNO lab in Delft and can be relocated to another location.

State of the Art, uniqueness & specific advantages

With the CLC fixed bed facility, it is possible to demonstrate the looping of various metal/metal oxide beds through oxidizing and reducing conditions. Various fuels and gas mixtures can be fed for the reducing step, including components such as CH4, CO, H2, and CO2. The reactions are normally run between 350 and 900°C, but higher temperatures are possible, as limited by reactor materials. The facility is also currently tested up to 3 bar, but higher pressures are possible. It also provides insight into scaling up with the potential to use small (10 W) to medium (1 kW) size reactors. Furthermore, the small reactors and nature of fixed bed CLC allow for quick testing of material properties and degradation characteristics, applicable to both fixed bed and fluidized bed applications of CLC. Gas flow rates: 0.001–10 l/min.

Scientific Environment

A variety of analytical equipment is available to determine gas compositions. A fully automated system measures gas composition at the reactor outlet, pressure drop across the reactor, temperatures (along the bed for the larger reactors) and gas flow rates. Cycle operational parameters and stop conditions may be programmed for precise control of reactions up to 1000 cycles. A reactor model is also available to be able to simulate temperature and concentration profiles inside the reactor.

Operating by

TNO

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Netherlands
CAPTURE technologies:
Sorbents
Research Fields:
Physical processes
Facility's fact sheet

Location & Contacts

Location
Delft, Netherlands
Contacts
Peter van Os
RICC Contacts - Secondary contact
Peter van Os

Facility Availability

Week
Unit of access (UA)
Week
Availability per year (in UA)
Min 4 weeks
Duration of a typical access (average) and number of external users expected for that access
4 weeks

Quality Control / Quality Assurance (QA)

Activities / tests / data are
Accredited To Standard: nd
Institution QA Webpages

Operational or other constraints

Specific risks:
Gas flow rates: 0.001–10 L/min; pressure: currently tested up to 3 bar; temperature: tested up to 900°C, but higher temperatures are possible depending on reactor materials.
Legal issues
Pressure: currently tested up to 3 bar

CCUS Projects

EU-Funded CCUS Projects
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
Cesar
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
Decarbit
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
HiPerCap
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
iCAP
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
OCTAVIUS
Other CCUS Projects
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
CATO-2
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
CO2 Afvang, Transport en Opslag
OTHER LARGE INITIATIVES
COMPAS

Selected Publications

Applied Energy, 119, 163 – 172. (2014)
CLC in packed beds using syngas and CuO/Al2O3:Model description and experimental validation
Hamers, H.P., Gallucci, F., Cobden, P.D., Kimball, E. & Sint Annaland, M.
Poster presentation, in Energy Procedia: Special issue on GHGT-11, 37575 – 579. (2013)
Operation of fixed-bed chemical looping combustion
Kimball, E., Hamers, H.P., Cobden, P., Gallucci, F. & Sint Annaland, M. van
Oral presentation, in the Conference proceedings of the 37th International Technical Conference on Clean Coal & Fuel Systems, Clearwater, USA (2012)
Degradation of Oxygen Carriers in Fixed-Bed Chemical Looping Combustion
Kimball, E., Lambert, A., Blom, R., Fossdal, A., Bos, W.A.P. van den, Comte, E., Broeke, L.J.P. van den, & SanchezSanchez, C.
Oral presentation, in the Conference proceedings of the 36th International Technical Conference on Clean Coal & Fuel Systems, June 2011, Clearwater, USA. (2011)
E.L.V. Scale-up of Fixed-bed Chemical Looping Combustion
Kimball, E., Bos, W.A.P. van den, & Goetheer
Oral presentation, at the 2nd IEAGHG Network Meeting and Technical Workshop on High Temperature Solids Looping Cycles, Alkmaar, Netherlands (2011)
E.L.V. Scale-up of Fixed-bed Chemical Looping Combustion
Kimball, E., Bos, W.A.P. van den, & Goetheer
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 16, 1-12 (2013)
A novel reactor configuration for packed bed chemical-looping combustion of syngas
Hamers, H.P., Gallucci, F., Cobden, P.D., Kimball, E. & Sint Annaland, M.
Oral presentation, at the 2nd International Conference on Chemical Looping Combustion, 28 September 2012, Darmstadt, Germany (2012)
Operation and scale up of fixed-bed chemical looping combustion
Kimball, E., Bos, W.A.P. van den, Leenman, R
In 2011 AIChE Spring Meeting and 7th Global Congress on Process Safety, 11th AIChE, 13-17 March 2011, Chicago, IL, USA (2011)
Scale-up of fixed-bed chemical looping combustion
Kimball, E., Geerdink, P. & Goetheer, E.L.V.
Oral presentation, at the 3rd IEAGHG Network Meeting and Technical Workshop on High Temperature Solids Looping Cycles, Vienna, Austria (2011)
Degradation of NiO/NiAl2O4 oxygen carriers in both fluidized-bed and fixed-bed Chemical Looping Combustion
Kimball, E., Lambert, A., Blom, R., Fossdal, A., Bos, W.A.P. van den, Comte, E., Larring, Y., Broeke, L.J.P. van den.
in the Conference proceedings of the 35th International Technical Conference on Clean Coal & Fuel Systems, Clearwater, USA. (2010)
Fixed-bed Chemical Looping Combustion: Experiment-based conceptual design
Kimball, E., Geerdink, P., Huizinga, A., Broeke, L.J.P. van den, & Gijp, S. van der